论《秧歌》

On Yangko Opera and Its Author Zhang Ailing

张爱玲的《秧歌》1953年写于香港。半个多世纪以来,评论界褒贬不一,针锋相对,成了张爱玲研究中的一大难题。要解决这一难题,只有从《秧歌》出版的社会背景与作家当时的"竞技"状态来考察:首先,1952年张爱玲离开上海重返香港,投入美国驻港新闻处,《秧歌》正是她写的第一个长篇——一个有着明显"绿背"(即美元)色彩的长篇。其次,新中国建立之初,人民生活是困苦的,但并非像《秧歌》所写的在"饥饿"的火山口上,显然,《秧歌》是作了歪曲反映。其三,《秧歌》有一段与内容天关的"妙论",此"妙论"出现在其前夫胡兰成于1958年在日本写的《今生今世》一书中。从时序上说,似乎胡兰成抄袭了《秧歌》,实则是《秧歌》保留的胡兰成的汉奸阴影。

Zhang Ailing wrote Yangko Opera in Hong Kong in 1953.In the past half a century sinca its publication,there has been both positive and negative criticism on this novel in the circle of critics.This has become a prpblem in the field of Zhang Ailing studies.To solve it,the social setting and the author's then'competitive.'state when Yangko Opera was published must be investigated. Firstly,Zhang Ailing departed from Shanghai back to Hang Kang,and joined News Agency of USA in Hong Kong.Yangko Opera,as her first novel,contracts the tint of'greenback,'or American Dollar.Secondly,at the beginning of the faundation of the People's Republic of China,the people led a poor life,but so poverty-stricken as to be'starved'on the crater.Obviously,Yangko Opera distorts the reality.Thirdly,Yangko Opera inserts a'brilliant remark'which has nothing to do with the novel's content.This'brilliant remark'reappears in The Present Life,written by Hu Lancheng,Zhang's former husband,in 1958 in Japan.In terms of time order,Hu Lancheng seems to have copied Yangko Opera,but actually,it was Yangko Opera that retained Hu Lancheng's shadow as a traitor.