二氧化锰在锂离子电池中的应用

Application of manganese dioxide in lithium ion batterie

过去２０年大约有２００种以上的材料尝试着作为锂二次电池的正极材料。在这些材料中，从比能量、毒性和价格的观点看，除了ＬｉＣｏＯ２、ＬｉＮｉＯ２外，发现有几种锰氧化物最有前景，尤其是在锂离子二次电池中。这些锂锰氧化物包括λ－ＭｎＯ２，ＬｉＭｎＯ２，Ｌｉ２Ｍｎ２Ｏ４，Ｌｉ２ＭｎＯ２，ＬｉｘＭｎ２Ｏ４，Ｌｉ１＋ｘＭｎ２－ｘＯ４，Ｌｉ２ＯｙＭｎＯ２（ｙ≥２．５），ＣＤＭＯ（复合多维含Ｌｉ的ＭｎＯ２的简称，Ｌｉ：Ｍｎ＝３：７）和修饰尖晶石型锂锰化合物已研制出来。本文简述了作为锂二次电池正极材料的重要因素，包括上述这些化合物的制备方法、晶体结构特征、诸如放电容量和可逆性等电化学性质以及发生在充放电时的电化学过程。

More than 200 materials have been evalauted for use in positive electrodes of secondary lithium batteries over the past two decades.Of these,except LiCoO 2,LiNiO 2 have been used as positive electrode materials in the lithium ion batteries,manganese oxides were found to be the most promising from the viewpoint of special energy,toxicity and cost.Several lithium manganese oxides,including λ MnO 2,LiMnO 2,Li 2Mn 2O 4,Li 2MnO 2,Li xMnO 2,Li 1+x Mn 2-x O 4,Li 2O yMnO 2(y≥2.5),CDMO(Li:Mn=3:7)and modified spinel structure lithium manganese compounds,have been successfully developed.This paper outlines the important for positive electrode material for rechargeable lithium batteries,comprising the preparations of these cathode materials,their characte ristic crystal structures for accommodating lithium,electrochemical properties such as capacity and reversibility,and the electrochemical processes that occur during the discharge and charge of lithium batteries.