水土保持措施防治非点源污染的作用机制

Affecting mechanism of soil and water conservation measures controlling nonpoint source pollution

进入土壤或水体中的非点源污染物一般可分为化肥、农药和重金属3大类。这3大类污染物在土壤或水体中通过植物吸收、土壤胶体吸附、微生物降解、径流淋失与挥发等途径进行迁移转化。系统阐述水土保持生物措施、工程措施和农业技术措施3大措施对化肥、农药和重金属3大污染物的各种迁移转化途径所具有的促进与抑制作用,可为合理配置水土保持措施,有效防治非点源污染提供重要的理论依据。

Nonpoint source pollutants entering into soil or water body were generally divided into chemical fertilizers, pesticides and heavy metals, which were transported and transformed in soil or water body by way of plant absorption, soil colloid adsorption, microbe decomposition, runoff carry and volatilization etc. The pro- moting and restraining affects of soil and water conservation biological measures, engineering measures and agricultural technical measures on various moving and transforming ways of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and heavy metals were systematically opened out in order to provide scientific basis for rationally allocating soil and water conservation measures and effectively controlling nonpoint source contamination.