水土保持的水环境效应研究

Effects of soil and water conservation on water environment

非点源污染已成为我国很多湖库型水源地的主要污染源,给人们的生活和健康以及经济社会的可持续发展造成严重危害。水土保持措施是防治非点源污染,保护水源水质,保障饮水安全的重要手段。笔者界定了水土保持水环境效应的概念;将非点源污染的类型划分为农业型、水土流失型、农村生活型、城市径流型和降水降尘型;首次系统地揭示水土保持的水环境效应机制;定量分析小流域综合治理与区域综合治理水土保持的水环境效应。

Nonpoint source pollution has become main pollution source of many water source areas of lakes and reservoirs in China, caused serious jeopardy to the people＇ s life and health and economic and social sustainable development. Soil and water conservation measures are an important means to control nonpoint source pollution, protect water source quality and ensure drinking water security. The concept of water environment effects of soiland water conservation was put forward by the paper and the types of nonpoint source pollution were divided into agriculture, erosional, rural life, urban runoff, precipitation and dustfalling. The mechanism of effects of soil and water conservation on water environment was systematically found out and the water environment effects of comprehensive small watershed management were quantitatively analyzed.