造血干细胞亲缘供者的健康教育

The health education for the related donors of the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

目的 了解造血干细胞亲缘供者对异基因外周血干细胞移植（PBSCT）相关知识的了解情况，以便为亲缘供者提供有效的健康教育内容依据及方法。方法 自行设计PBSCT4方面的相关知识对50例亲缘供者进行调查，根据他们对实施PBSCT4方面知识了解情况，按文化程度分为大学及以上组（18例），大专、高中及中专组（21例）和初中及以下组（11例），对他们实施个性化、分阶段的全程健康教育，并调查他们对健康教育的满意度及外周血干细胞（PBSC）采集的产量情况。结果 教育前后各组供者对PBSCT相关4方面知识的掌握率比较，差异均有统计学意义，P〈0．05；供者对健康教育的满意度为98．8％；PBSC的采集产量均达到异基因造血干细胞移植（Allo—HSCT）的要求。结论 实施个性化、分阶段全程健康教育，可建立供者积极的捐献信念和态度，解除心理顾虑，增加了供者接受治疗护理的顺应性与自我防护意识，从而提高了采集的效率，减少了并发症的发生，提高了供者对护理健康教育工作的满意度。

Objective To study the knowledge about the allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation （allo-HSCT） in related hematopoietic stem cell donors, provide the mechanical evidence of individual and effective health education. Methods Investigated 50 related donors with self-designed questionarre which included 4 HSCT-related problems to find out the status of their understanding on HSCT and divide them into three groups according to their educational levels, then gave them individual and whole-procedure health education. Evaluated their satisfation about the health education given and the quality of the collection of heatopoietic stem cells. Results There was a statistical significency in mastering knowledge about HSCT before and after the health education（P〈0.05 ）.The degree of satisfaction about the health education was 98.8% and all the output of the stem cells matched the demand of HSCT. Conclusion Individual and whole-procedured health education can help the donors to buid up self-confidence ,release their worry ,increase their consciousness of self-protection,improve the quality of stem cells collection and reduce the related-adverse reactions of HSCT collection.