黔中野银杏——贵州野银杏种质资源调查资料Ⅷ

REPORT ON WILD GINKGO BILOBA IN QIANZHONG ALTIPLANO——Guizhou ancint ginkgo biloba germplasm resources investigation Ⅷ

经过较长期的调查研究表明：以贵阳市为核心的广袤黔中高原是贵州野银杏的又一集中分布区．在北起遵义山塘，南到惠水摆金。西抵六枝、平坝，东达麻江、凯里等，除务川、盘县外的28个县市中，至今保留着野银杏种群126处．其中含野银杏森林群落2处；野银杏森林残存群落10处，野银杏残存树群28处，野银杏残存树丛8处．胸径150～550cm的孤立木76株（处）．以及特大野银杏树桩迹地2处．有头有尾，形成典型性野生群“逆向演替系列”．其中含胸径400～550cm的特大野银杏8株，8株特大野银杏的性比式仍为3（♂）：5（♀）．表明野生群高配额雄株现象从古到今一致未变．黔中高原为贵州少数民族聚集地，不仅无人工栽植的历史、更无人工营造混交林的先例和技能，进而从反面凸显其野生性质．黔中高原的自然环境，可视为中国银杏西南分布区的栖息原始地环境．

Besides the Wuchan and Panxian wild ginkgo distribution areas, here we report on a detailed investi-gation of a third wild Ginkgo biloba community distributed in Qianzhong （ Middle Guizhou） Ahiplano, centered on Guiyang city and including more than 20 counties, North to Shantang of Zhunyi, South to Baijing of Huishui, West to Liuzhi, Pingba, East to Majiang, Kaili . There are 126 wild ginkgo biloba locations comprising 2 typical forest community, 10 relic communities, 28 relic groups, 8 relic groves, 76 relic solitary Ginkgo trees with diameters from 150 - 550 cm （12 trees with diameters from 300 - 400 cm, and 8 trees with diameters from 400 - 550 cm, and having a sex ratio of 3 F ： 5M）. The major local native populations of Buyi, Miao, and Gelao tribes have neither the history of agricultural cultivation, nor records or techniques of artificial mixed forest establishment. Thus these old, Qianzhong Altiplano Ginkgo biloba trees are almost certainly natural, wild trees in their original habitat.