大学生与初中生自感健康状况比较研究

The comparative study on self-perceived health situation among students between colleges and middle schools

[目的]了解大学生与初中生的自感健康状况以及两者之间的差异。[方法]采取整群随机抽样方法,选取四所高校及一所中学共700名学生应用自测健康评定量表(SRHMSV1.0)进行调查。[结果]大学生与初中生自测生理、心理、社会健康在[(67.49±13.63)分^(84.81±7.60)分]之间,大学生自测心理健康得分[(74.42±14.40)分]最低,初中生自测社会健康[(74.11±16.17)]最低。除社会支持因子得分外,大学生的得分都低于初中生;除日常生活功能因子、社会资源与社会接触因子、社会支持因子以及社会健康之外,大学生与初中生的得分差异有统计学意义(p<0.01)。[结论]大学生与初中生自测健康状况较好,大学生自测生理、心理、社会以及总的健康呈下降趋势。应增加大学生的锻炼时间,加大对大学生心理问题的鉴别力度,开设大学生心理辅导机构,完善大学生心理辅导机制。

Objective： to investigate the self-perceived health situation of students in colleges and middle schools respectively and to find out difference between them. Method： By random and group sampling method, 700 students in four colleges and one middle school were assessed with self-rated measurement scale. Result： the scores of the self-perceived health （including physical health, psychological health and social health） of students in colleges and in middle school were from （67.49±13.63） to （84.81±7.60）. The score of self-perceived psychological health of students in colleges was the lowest [ （74.42±14.40） ]. The score of self-perceived social health of students in middle school was the lowest [ （74.11±16.17） ]. Except for social support factor, the scores of students in colleges were lower than that of students in middle school. Except for daily life function factor, social resources ＆ social contact factor, social support factor ＆ social health, the scores of students in colleges and in middle school were of great significance （p〈0.01） . Conclusion： the status of the self-rated health of students in colleges and in middle school was good, the condition of self-perceived physical health, psychological health, social health and total health of students in colleges showed lower trend. Administrative staff of colleges should increase the students＇ time on practice, highlight the early psychological problems, set up psychological counseling rooms and perfect psychological counseling system.