试析《荀子·解蔽篇》中的诠释思想

An Analysis of the Hermeneutics of Jiebi

荀子的"解蔽"说是一种独特的诠释方法,这种方法以"道"为诠释前见,以"非道"、特别是"乱家"为诠释对象,在道的衡量、裁断之下,墨、道、法、名等百家之言的长短得失被一览无余。荀子确立其诠释前见的途径是"虚壹而静"的认识方法,虚壹而静的最大特色在于它可以使诠释者在价值中立的前提下获取对于道的认识。解蔽说属于诠释学方面的范畴,而虚壹而静则属于认识论方面的范畴,二者的区别与联系正可为诠释学与认识论之关系问题的探讨提供个案、以资参考。

The ＂Jiebi＂ of Xun Zi is a sort of particular method of annotation. The method treats ＂Tao＂ as the prejudice of annotation and ＂non - Tao＂, especially the doctrines of various schools as the object of annotation. The success and failure of Mohism, Taoism, Legalism, the theory of the School of Names and etc is exhibited under the scale of Tao. The approach that Xun Zi radiates his prejudice of annotation is the epistemic method of ＂open - mindedness, single - mindedness and quietness＂. The most important characteristic of open - mindedness, single - mindedness and quietness is that it can make the individual get hold of Tao on the basis of the neutrality of value. Jiebi belongs to the categories of hermeneutics; however, open -mindedness, single - mindedness and quietness belongs to the categories of epistemology. The differences and relations between them can supply references to the discussion about the problem of the relationship between hermeneutics and epistemology.