《票据法》第18条适用疑难之解析

Analyzing on Article 18 of the Commercial Instrument Law

利益返还请求权之当事人可作文义解释,其权利人为票据权利丧失时的持票人,其义务人一般为出票人和承兑人;利益返还请求权之性质可作目的解释,其性质为票据法上的特殊请求权,权利人行使权利和转让以持有票据或经除权判决为必要;利益返还请求权之成立要件可作体系解释,"票据记载事项欠缺"宜解释为"手续欠缺","与未支付的票据金额相当的利益"则宜解释为"出票人或承兑人实际获得的利益"。

The clients concerned of the claim for reinstitution interest should be interpreted according to the signification of the article. The nature of the claim should be understood in accordance with its intention,namely,it is a special claim of the commercial instrument law,the constituting conditions of the claim should be comprehended in the context of the law.