负载型金属催化剂制备过程中的主要职业危害及防护措施

The main occupational hazards and measures of protection in the preparation of supported metallic catalysts

负载型金属催化剂制备过程中产生的主要职业危害是氮氧化物或氯化氢等有毒有害气体,目前采取的主要防护措施是在隔离间操作,加强通风将有毒有害气体直接排空,操作员配戴防护口罩等,虽然降低或消除了操作人员的职业危害,但污染了环境。以钴基费托合成催化剂的制备为例,分析了催化剂的制备过程中产生的乇要职业危害是氮氧化物,通过讨论分析现行的防护措施以及氮氧化物的处理方法,从工艺设备的角度上提出了具体的防护措施,在保护劳动者的健康和防止环境污染的同时,又变废为宝创造了价值。

The main occupational hazards in the preparation of supported metallic catalysts are deleterious gas, such as nitrogen oxides and gas hydrogen chloride. The primary current measures of protection are working in the individual room, exhausting the deleterious gas direetly by reinforced air ehange, the workers dressed defending respirators etc, which reduced or eliminated the workers＇ occupational hazards, but polluted environmental. Taking the preparation of cobalt-based catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis as an example, the main occupational hazards in the preparation of catalysts are nitrogen oxides, and the main current measures of protection and methods of treading are analyzed. So the idiographic measures of protection are put forward from the point of view of processing technology and equipment, which can protect workers＇ health, avoid environmental pollution and change deleterious gas of nitrogen oxides to valuable nitric acid.