不同肥料对冬枣果实品质发育的影响

Fruit Quality of Zizyphus jujube Mill.cv. 'Dongzao' Influenced by Different Kinds of Fertilizer

在冬枣生长期施用氨基酸肥、矿物质肥和稀土肥等3种肥料,研究了3种肥料对果实品质发育的影响。结果表明：3种肥料处理都促进了冬枣果实的横向生长及单果质量的增加,稀土肥和矿物质肥的效果更明显;3种肥料处理都提高了冬枣果实的总糖含量,含糖量上升主要集中在花后70-90 d,以双糖积累为主,其中矿物质肥的效果最明显;在花后90-110 d,冬枣果实的果糖和葡萄糖快速增加,氨基酸肥和稀土肥明显地提高了这2种单糖的含量,氨基酸肥和矿物质肥都提高了冬枣果实生长后期维生素C含量,而稀土肥使果实维生素C下降;矿物质肥和氨基酸肥处理后的冬枣果皮比对照薄,稀土肥加厚了冬枣果皮厚度。3种肥料的肥效为：矿物质肥〉氨基酸肥〉稀土肥。

In order to improve the quality of ‘ Dongzao ＇ jujube, the trees were fertilized by amino acid fertilizer, mineral fertilizer and rare earth fertilizer during fruit development. The experiment showed that all the fertilizer treatments could improve transverse growth, single fruit weight and total sugar content of fruit, the mineral fertilizer treatment was the best. The fast increasing period of total sugar content was 70 - 90 days after blossom, and disaccharide was the main composition of the sugar. The quantity of fructose and glucose were fast increased during 90 - 110 days after blossom, amino acid fertilizer and rare earth fertilizer were effective for improving this two kinds of sugars. Both amino acid fertilizer and rare earth fertilizer could increase Vc content of ‘ Dongzao＇ jujube fruit, while rare earth fertilizer treatment decreased it. Pericarp of ‘ Dongzao＇ jujube fruit nourished by mineral fertilizer and amino acid fertilizer were thinner than by rare earth fertilizer. The conclusion of this experiment was that the effectiveness of three fertilizers to improve the fruit quality is mineral fertilizer better than amino acid fertilizer better than rare earth fertilizer.