基于土地覆盖/利用模式的云南省抚仙湖流域生态资产评估

The valuation of ecological capital based on the land cover/use pattern of Fuxian catchment in Yunnan Province

利用Landsat7 TM遥感影像和MODIS卫星影像获取生态系统类型、质量状况等参数，并计算出抚仙湖流域各类生态系统的净第一性生产力（Net Primary productivity，NPP），结合地理属性数据及统计数据，计算出抚仙湖流域各类生态系统的生态资产。结果表明：2001—2004年抚仙湖流域生态资产分别为：827824．96、799563．89、703491．09、700806．18万元。灌丛对流域生态资产价值的贡献量最大，是生态资产构成中重要组成部分，贡献效率最高的生态系统类型是水田，水土保持价值在流域生态资产构成中占有很大比重。抚仙湖流域生态资产价值量呈下降趋势，需要加大生态建设力度，文章提出了流域生态资产的相关管理对策。

This paper used TM and MODIS satellite data to map ecosystem types and determine ecological features for Fuxian catchment in Yunnan Province. The remote sensing data and meteorological data were combined to compute Net Primary Productivity （NPP） for different ecosystems in the catchment. Based on NPP values, geographic attribute data and statistical data, the ecological capital of Fuxian catchment was quantified and applied into distinguishing spatial distributions of varies ecosystems. The ecological capital of Fuxian catchment was 8. 278 billion RMB in 2001, 7. 995 billion RMB in 2002, 7. 035 billion RMB in 2003, and 7. 008 billion RMB in 2004. Shrub land made the greatest contribution of the entire value and was the most important part of the ecological capital, the paddy field made the highest efficiency of contribution, and the value of soil-water conservation accounted for a large proportion in the ecological capital. The result showed a trend of gradual decrease in ecological capital. Some important countermeasures about the ecological capital management were proposed in this paper.