辽宁富铁蛇纹石玉的宝石学特征及开发利用

Gemmological Characteristics and Developing Prospect of Fe-Rich Serpentine Jade from Liaoning Province

对辽宁营口后仙峪产出的蛇纹石玉的宝石学特征进行鉴定、分析和研究表明,其主要矿物组成为富铁蛇纹石(利蛇纹石和叶蛇纹石),其次为橄榄石(镁橄榄石和贵橄榄石)、滑石、水镁石、粒硅镁石、碳酸盐(白云石、方解石和菱镁矿),还有一定量的金属矿物如磁铁矿、黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿和硼镁铁矿。该玉石呈较深的碧绿色,质地细腻,微透明,玻璃光泽,局部金属光泽,具有斑块状、条纹状、星点状等组构类型。与传统的岫玉有所不同,该玉石属岫玉中一个特别的类型,可定名为"富铁蛇纹石玉"。该玉石的外观很像古代的青铜器,极适宜用来仿雕青铜器件,将中国灿烂的玉文化和青铜器文化紧密结合,弘扬中华民族优秀的传统文化,是一种具有良好开发前景的玉石资源。

The gemmological characteristics of serpentine jade samples from Houxianyu, Yingkou, Liaoning Province are studied. The results show that the main mineral of samples is Fe-rich serpentine （including lizardite and antigorite）. The minor minerals are olivine（including forsterite and chrysolite）, talc, brucite, chondrodite, carbonate minerals（including dolomite,calcite and magnesite） and metallic minerals（including magnetite, pyrite, pyrrhotite and ludwigite）. The jade samples are in dark green, fine texture, dim transparency, glassy luster mainly and metallic luster partly, and there are plaque, striation, spot structure, etc. Distinct from the traditional Xiuyan jade, the jade could be named “Fe-rich serpentine jade” ,where the appearance is nearly similar to that of the ancient bronze wares so that the jade could be suitable for imitating bronze wares and enhancing the Chinese traditional culture. There have a good developing prospect for the jade.