3620名农村中学生暴力遭遇及其行为问题研究

Study on Exposure to Violence and Behavior Problems among 3620 Rural Middle School Students

目的:探讨农村中学生暴力遭遇与行为问题的相互关系。方法:采用横断面研究方法,对3620名随机选择的农村中学生进行问卷调查。农村中学生暴力遭遇调查和行为问题评定分别采用WHO暴力遭遇调查问卷和Achenbach儿童行为自陈量表(CBCL)。结果:3620名被调查的农村中学生,1225人(33.8%)在过去一年中经历过暴力遭遇;农村中学生行为问题检出率为14.3%(519/3620),暴力遭遇组行为问题检出率(22.4%)高于非暴力遭遇组(10.9%)(2χ=99.21,P<0.01),各行为问题因子,包括社交退缩、躯体诉述、焦虑抑郁、交往不良、思维问题、注意力问题、违纪行为、攻击性行为、自我身份等9个因子,暴力遭遇组检出率均高于非暴力遭遇组,且差别均具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。将农村中学生暴力遭遇可能的影响因素,如人口学因素、家庭背景、个人学习成绩等作为控制变量,进行logistic逐步回归分析,结果显示:与农村中学生暴力遭遇有关的行为问题因子,为躯体诉述、交往不良、思维问题、违纪行为、攻击性行为等因子。结论:农村中学生暴力遭遇者行为问题检出率显著高于非暴力遭遇者,暴力遭遇与其自身的行为问题有关。

Objective： To explore the relationship between exposure to violence and behavior problem among rural middle school students. Methods： A cross-section study was conducted in 3620 middle school students randomly selected from rural area. A questionnaire adapted from WHO Health and Life Experience investigation and Acbenbach Children Behavior Checklist （CBCL） were used to measure the exposure to violence and behavior problems respectively. Results： Of the 3620 respondents, the prevalence rate of exposure to violence in past year was 33.8%（1225/3620）. The prevalence rate of behavior problems averaged 14.3% （519/3620）, and students victimized reported significantly more behavior problems than those no-victimized （22.4% vs 10.9%,P〈0.01）. The prevalence rates of behavior problem factors, including flinch in social activities, somatic complaints, anxiety and depression, social problems, thought problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, and ego identity, were significantly higher in students victimized than those no-victimized. After controlling factors, such as demographic factors, family background, academic performance et al, the result of multiple regression indicted that behavior problem factors related to exposure to violence were somatic complaints, social problems, thought problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior. Conclusion： The prevalence rate of behavior problems in respondents victimized was significantly higher than those no-victimized. There is strong relationship between exposure to violence and behavior problems in rural middle school students.