气候变化对库布齐沙漠生态环境的影响及其适应性对策初探

The Impacts of Climate Change on Eco-environments in Kubuqi Desert and Its Adaptation Countermeasures

通过近30a的气候资料分析表明,库布齐沙漠气候有暖湿化的趋势,且其东部较为明显。近20a来,库布齐沙漠以油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)为主的稳定性沙生植被增加、半流动沙丘的面积显著减少;但放牧等人为干扰也使部分草场退化面积增加;库布齐沙漠的植被净初级生产力随年际间的气候波动而变化明显。气候暖湿化趋势虽然对库布齐沙漠东部生态恢复的贡献大于西部,也使得风沙防治工作相对减轻;但沙漠生态系统目前的状况可能还不足以应对未来气候变率增大带来的种种生态危害。基于此,就库布齐沙漠下一步的生态环境建设给出了一些建议。

Last 30 years＇ climate data analysis showed that Kubuqi Desert climate change has warming-wetting trend, and to be more obvious at its eastern. In the last 20 years, the area of steady psammophyte vegetation which composed mainly by Artemisia ordosica increased, and semi- mobile dune decreased, but some grassland degraded because of grazing or other human disturbance. The vegetation net primary productivity has distinct change in different years with climate fluctuation. Although, the warming-wetting trend given more contributions for the eastern Kubuqi Desert than the western in ecological restoration, and also made combating desertification relative easily, but the current situation of the desert ecosystem may not enough to combat ecological hazards which caused by climate variability augment. And some suggestions were given for the ecological restoration in the future.