诗歌:意境营造与析数修辞

Poetry:Establishment of Artistic Conception and Rhetorics of Number

诗歌的魅力源于意境的优美。古往今来,在诗歌意境的营造中,诗人们往往运用一种和析字修辞格相接近的修辞手法,即把数字(语法上叫数词)拆析开来去表情达意或拓展意境。枯燥的数字经过诗人的巧拆善析非但与枯燥的概念绝缘,而且还能在诗歌语言的有机组合中变成诗歌形象里有生命的特殊细胞和美感因素,甚至为诗歌意象增色、意境增辉。概括地讲,诗歌的析数特征有四种:加法析数、减法析数、乘法析数和除法析数。然而,具体在一首诗歌的创作中,诗人们不管运用哪一种析数法都对诗歌意境的营造起到特殊的修辞效果。

The enchantment of poetry lies in the exquisite artistic conception. Since time immemorial, the poets usually make use of one kind of rhetoric means which is similar to numeral analysis to express the feeling or extend the artistic conception in the process of establishing the artistic conception. After being taken apart and analyzed ingeniously by the poets, the boring figures not only keep distance from the abstract concept, but become the special living elements and aesthetic factors of poetry image in the artistic combination of language and even make the image and artistic conception in the poetry more expressive. GenemUy speaking, there are four kinds of numeral analysis in poetry, namely, addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. However, whatever kind of numeral analysis is applied in the creation of poem, it makes special rhetoric contribution to the establishment of artistic conception.