迷迭香抗氧化剂和精油综合提取技术研究(Ⅲ)——超临界CO_2萃取法

Study on Comprehensive Extraction of Antioxidant and Essential Oil from Rosemary(Ⅲ)——Supercritical CO_2 Extraction

超临界CO2萃取（SCDE）法是迷迭香抗氧化剂和精油综合提取的有效方法之一。迷迭香抗氧化剂和精油超临界CO2萃取的优选条件为：萃取时间4h，夹带剂95％乙醇与迷迭香叶子的质量比为2：5，萃取罐和分离器Ⅰ的温度分别为50和70℃，分离器Ⅱ的温度为40℃，萃取压力20MPa，分离压力为4～5MPa。迷迭香精油的平均得率为1．80％，迷迭香精油主要含有1，8-桉叶素、樟脑、α-松油醇、龙脑、马鞭草烯酮、4-松油醇、乙酸龙脑酯和芳樟醇等成分。迷迭香抗氧化剂的平均得率为11．93％，主要含有鼠尾草酸、鼠尾草酚和迷迭香酸等活性成分，其质量分数分别为23．61％、7．33％和5．13％。

Supercritical CO2 extraction （SCDE） is a kind of effective comprehensive extraction for antioxidant and essential oil of rosemary （ Rosmarinus officinalis L. ）. In this study, the optimal conditions of comprehensive extraction for antioxidant and essential oil of rosemary were as follows ： extraction time 4 h, 95 % （ volume fraction） ethanol as entrainer to rosemary leaves 2 ： 5, temperature of extraction pot 50 ℃, temperature of separation pot Ⅰ 70 ℃, temperature of separation pot Ⅱ 40 ℃, extraction pressure 20 MPa and separation pressure 4-5 MPa. Average yield of rosemary oil was 1.80 %. Results of constituent analysis of rosemary oil showed that the essential oil mainly contains 1,8-cineole, camphor, α-terpineol, borneol, verbenone, terpinen-4-ol, bornyl acetate and linalol. Average yield of rosemary antioxidant was 11.93 %. Main active components of rosemary antioxidant were carnosic acid, carnosol, and rosmarinic acid, whose contents were 23.61 % , 7.33 % and 5.13 % , respectively.