从政治认识到政治认识论——西方政治思想研究论析

Research into Western Political Thought:From Political Consciousness to Political Epistemology

政治认识论秉有哲学认识论的反思性特质,是政治知识的知识,主要关注政治思维方式。对中国近现代以来西方政治思想研究的历史性论述表明,尽管遭受意识形态的影响和扭曲,中国近现代以来对西方政治文明的认识经历了从无到有、从简单到复杂、从表面到内核、从片面到完整、从感性直观到理性反思的上升过程。维特根斯坦的"世界图景"理论提示我们,对西方政治文明的认知应实现从政治认识到政治认识论的范式转换。

Political epistemology,or the theory of political knowledge,has the characteristic of reflectivity inherited from philosophical epistemology and focuses on the patterns of political thinking.According to a historical exposition of the research into western political thought in modern and contemporary China,this paper demonstrates that in spite of the ideological impact and the ideological distortion,the understanding process of western political civilization has changed from absence to presence,simplicity to complexity,superficiality to profundity,partiality to integrity,and direct perception to rational reflection.As far as the cognition of western political civilization is concerned,Weitgenstein's 'world image' theory prompts a paradigm transformation from political consciousness to political epistemology.