砂地柏精油的熏蒸杀虫活性初探

THE FUMIGANTING INSECTICIDAL ACTION OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL FROM THE SEEDS OF THE SAVIN JUNIPER ( SABINA VULGARIS ANT.)

用砂地柏精油处理玉米象（ＳｉｔｏｐｈｉｌｕｓｚｅａｍａｉｓＭｏｔｓｃｈｕｌｓｋｙ）、赤拟谷盗（ＴｒｉｂｏｌｉｕｍｃａｓｔａｎｅｕｍＨｅｒｂｓｔ）、粘虫（ＭｙｔｈｉｍｎａｓｅｐａｒａｔａＷａｌｋｅｒ）和小菜蛾（ＰｌｕｔｅｌａｘｙｌｏｓｔｅｌａＬｉｎｎａｅｕｓ）的成虫或三龄幼虫。结果表明：砂地柏精油对上述４种试虫都有较强的熏蒸活性，且对鳞翅目的粘虫和小菜蛾三龄幼虫的熏蒸活性明显高于对鞘翅目的玉米象和赤拟谷盗成虫，对小菜蛾三龄幼虫的熏蒸活性最高，其毒力次序为小菜蛾（ＬＣ５０＝９．７４ｍｇ／Ｌ）＞粘虫（２２．１３ｍｇ／Ｌ）＞赤拟谷盗（１００．１２ｍｇ／Ｌ）＞玉米象（１６１．１２ｍｇ／Ｌ）。经增效配制后，砂地柏精油的挥发速率明显提高，配剂的作用速度和致死时间均显著快于砂地柏精油单剂，药效提高５～９倍，表现出实际应用的可能性。

The fumigation effect of the essential oil from the seeds of the savin juniper, Sabina vulgaris on insects was first reported in this paper. The essential oil showed strong fumigation activity against two species of stored product insect pests ( Sitophilus zeamais and Tribolium castaneum ) and two species of agricultural insect pests ( Mythimna separata and Plutella xylostella ). LC 50 s were 9.74 mg/L ( Plutella xylostella )>22.13 mg/L ( Mythimna separata )>100.13 mg/L ( Tribolium castaneum )>161.12 mg/L ( Sitophilus zemais ). Two formulations of the essential oil were made up through adding some synergists and solvents. The fumigation toxicities of the two formulations to the third instar larve of Plutella xylostella were about 5 to 9 times as much as the essential oil.