二花脸和大约克猪早期生长性状的母体效应与基因效应研究

STUDIES ON MATERNAL EFFECTS AND GENE EFFECTS ON EARLY GROWTH TRAITS IN ERHUALIAN AND LARGE WHITE PIGS

利用二花脸、大约克及其Ｆ１、Ｆ２和回交世代共８个猪群的最小二乘均数，采用多元回归分析程序，对猪的初生重、２０日龄重和６０日龄重的母体效应和基因效应进行了研究。结果表明，大约克猪初生重、２０日龄重及６０日龄重平均比二花脸猪依次高０４６１３，１３６４３和２０８９０ｋｇ。初生重受母体效应影响最大，而到６０日龄时加性基因效应则占主导地位。在总变异中，母体效应由初生时的８８８９％降至６０日龄时的４４９％；而加性效应则由初生时的５６１％升至６０日龄时的６５４７％。６０日龄时的个体重，大约克对二花脸猪的加性效应为２３１８４ｋｇ，显性效应为０１１２８ｋｇ。

The maternal effects and gene effects on body weights at birth (BWB), 20 days of age (BW20) and 60 days of age (BW60) in pigs were estimated by least square multiple regression procedure, using group least square means of Erhualian (EHL), Large White (LW) and their F 1, F 2 and backcross (to LW pigs) (8 groups of animals in total). The results showed that LW pigs are heavier than EHL pigs by 0.461 6, 1.364 3 and 2.089 0 kg in BWB, BW20 and BW60 respectively. The maternal effects were dominant for BWB, while additive gene effects occupied main parts in BW60. The contribution of maternal effects to the total variation decreased from 88.89% in BWB to 4.49% in BW60, while that of additive gene effects increased from 5.61% in BWB to 65.47% in BW60 respectively. LW pigs are superior to EHL pigs by 2.318 4 kg in additive effect and by 0.112 8 kg in dominant effect in BW60.