云南民族民居建筑:人与自然和谐的象征

Yunnan Ethnic Vernacular Architectures:Symbol of Harmony of People with Nature

云南少数民族在漫长的生存与发展实践中,逐渐形成了其颇具特色的生态观,这一生态观是其选择居住环境、建寨盖屋的思想基础.云南少数民族的生态观,表现为敬畏与崇拜自然,亲合与保护自然,具有自然美、山水美、生态美、景观美等特点的审美意识,以及追求理想生存与发展环境的建寨盖房的风水观念;论述了在这一生态观的指导下,云南民族的传统村寨与自然融为一体,民居建筑的形式、构造、平面布局、空间特征等与生态环境相适应,建筑材料因地制宜等特点,充分体现了人与自然的和谐.

Yunnan minority nationalities＇ ecological outlooks are the ideological foundation for selecting the residential environment and building villages and houses. These outlooks, such as their reverence towards, worship and protection of and affinity for nature, their aesthetic and geomantic conceptions in building villages and houses, are analyzed in this paper. It is argued that, under the guidance of these ecological outlooks, Yunnan ethnic traditional villages and nature merge into one organic whole. It is also pointed out that the form, structure, plane layout and space features of vernacular architectures are adapted to the ecological environment, and that the materials for house buildings are taken on the spot, which fully embodies the harmony of people with nature.