肯尼亚公立高等教育财政体制转型与高校市场筹资

Transformation of financial system in Kenyan public higher education and funds-raising of colleges and universities

肯尼亚公立高等教育财政体制在20世纪90年代由国家包办转向成本分担。在新体制下,肯公立高校通过提供平行学位计划与文凭课程,及各种生产、经营和服务活动进行筹资。筹资改善了办学条件,扩大了入学机会,提高了办学效率和社会适应性。但创收仍面临种种困难,经费仍然非常短缺,且片面追求创收导致教育质量下滑,学科结构失衡。肯尼亚公立高等教育财政体制的改革应注意协调高等教育规模、结构和质量的关系,并调整各类创收活动的结构,提高创收人员的创业素质。

The financial system in Kenyan higher education transferred from all the cost disbursed by the government to cost-sharing in the 1990s. In the new system, Kenyan colleges and universities raise money by providing parallel degree and diploma programs, and through actions such as production, business and services. These actions have improved the school running, expanded students＇ study opportunities, improve the efficiency of higher institution running and its social adaptability. But the income-generating actions of these institutions are confronted with various challenges, so funds are still lacking. The further reform of the financial system in Kenyan higher education should emphasize on adjusting the relationship among higher education scale, structure and quality, and readjust the structure of various income generating activities, improve qualification of those income generators.