厚朴叶和皮不同提取部位的药理作用比较研究

Comparison of Pharmacological Effects between Different Extracts of the Leaf and Bark of Magnolia officinalis

通过小鼠最大耐受量测定法进行厚朴叶的急性毒性研究,采用小鼠浓氨水引咳法、炭末推进法对厚朴叶和皮不同溶剂部位提取物的镇咳和胃肠推进作用进行了比较研究。结果显示厚朴叶小鼠最大耐受量为112g/kg,为厚朴成人每日用量的747倍,且7日内均未出现中毒和死亡现象。厚朴叶石油醚提取部位低剂量组、厚朴皮乙醚提取部位低剂量组和石油醚提取部位能明显延长氨水致小鼠咳嗽潜伏期或减少咳嗽的频率。同时,厚朴叶乙醚提取部位低剂量组能明显提高炭末在小肠中的推进率,厚朴皮乙醚提取部位低剂量组能显著减少炭末在胃中的残留率。以上结果表明:在实验剂量范围内,厚朴叶几无毒性;其低剂量的石油醚和乙醚提取部位有较强的镇咳和胃肠推进效果。提示其药用价值有深入研究的必要。

In this investigation, the Maximal tolerated dose are determined on mice for studying acute toxicity of the leaf of Magnolia officinalis,comparison of the antitussive effect determined by strong ammonia solution induced tussis model on mice between different extracts of the leaf and cortex of Magnolia officinalis, and gastrointestinal propulsive effects of different extracts of the leaf and cortex of Magnolia officinalis are also studied with activated charcoal powder mixture propulsive model on mice. The results showed that the maximal tolerated dose of leaf of Magnolia officinalis on mice was 112 g/kg, 747 times of human usual dose. There was no death or intoxication of mice treated with leaf of Magnolia officinalis during the 7 d of observation. The low dose of petroleum ether extract of the leaf, as the low dose of ether and petroleum ether extracts of the bark of Magnolia officinalis can lengthen delitescence time or reduce the frequency of tussis. In the same time,the low dose of ether extracts of the leaf of Magnolia officinalis can improve the length percentage of the mixture propulsive effect of activated charcoal in small intestine, and the low dose of ether extracts of the bark of Magnolia officicalis can reduce the percentage weight of the mixture in stomach. These results demonstrated that the leaf of Magnolia officinalis is nearly no toxicity. Its extracts of petroleum ether and ether low dose have antitussive and gastrointestinal propulsive effect. Its medicinal properties need to further study.