关于历史进步的评价问题

On the Evaluation of Historical Progress

说到历史进步,必然要涉及评价。评价主要有历史评价和价值评价。就历史发展长过程和总的趋势而言,两种评价是一致的;就历史发展的特定阶段和针对的特定问题而言,两种评价又可能存在着某种不一致。在历史评价与价值评价发生冲突的情况下,如何看待和评价历史进步?从马克思的观点来看,历史评价始终是首要的,价值评价则是第二位的。坚持价值评价应当服从历史评价的基本原则,并不是要轻视以至排斥价值评价,而是旨在合理地对待价值评价并正确处理好两种评价之间的关系。实际上,两种评价并非是彼此分离的,而是互为前提、互相贯通的。马克思对经济学史上西斯蒙第和李嘉图关于资本主义生产争论的有关看法,为我们理解和把握历史进步问题提供了有益的启示。对于进步问题上的"崇高"与"鄙俗",应当给以合理的看待。

Historical assessment and value assessment are identical. But on a special issue, there may be not identical. In case of a contradiction between historical assessment and value assessment, how does the historical assessment be valued？ The author takes that value assessment should be affiliated to historical assessment, and the value assessment is also to be recognized. The relationship of these two should be dealt with properly.