硝基苯液相催化加氢制苯胺技术进展

Progress in preparation of aniline by catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene in liquid phase

介绍了传统苯胺生产工艺中ICI、三井东亚、DuPont公司的硝基苯液相催化加氢制苯胺工艺,并对目前研究的硝基苯乙醇重整制氢、CO/H2O还原、超临界二氧化碳低温、微波辐射水相法及电化学合成苯胺的工艺做了简述,说明我国应继续研究和推广催化加氢制取苯胺清洁生产工艺,重点开发硝基苯超临界CO2加氢制苯胺技术。

On the basis of the traditional processes of ICI, MTC,DuPont companies for the preparation of aniline by the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene in liquid phase introduced, the current new processes for the synthesis of aniline including solvent hydrogen from ethanol reformation, carbon monoxide and water reduction, supereritical carbon dioxide processes at low temperature,microwave radiation in water phase and electrochemical preparation technologies, are reviewed. The clean manufacture of aniline by the catalytic hydrogenation of nitmbenzene should be further studied and extended, with the focus on developing supercritieal carbon dioxide technology for nitrobenzene hydrogenation for aniline.