牛至的化学成分研究(Ⅰ)

Chemical constituents of Origanum vulgare (Ⅰ)

目的对牛至的化学成分进行分离和鉴定。方法应用溶剂法进行提取，硅胶、Sephadex LH-20及Toyopearl HW-40反复柱色谱分离、纯化，利用MS和NMR技术确定结构。结果从牛至氯仿部位分离鉴定了15个化合物，分别为β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol，Ⅰ）、胡萝卜苷（dancosterol，Ⅱ）、二十六烯（hexacosene，Ⅲ）、二十六烷醇（hexacosanol，Ⅳ）、对二苯酚（1，4-benzenediol，Ⅴ）、邻二苯酚（1，2-benzenediol，Ⅵ）、对羟基苯甲醛（P-hydroxybenzaldehyde，Ⅶ）、4-甲基-5-异丙基邻苯二酚（thymgquinol，4-methyl-5-isopropyl-1，2-benzenediol，Ⅷ）、二氢脱氢二松柏醇（dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol，Ⅸ）、（一）-丁香脂酚[（一）-syringaresinol，Ⅹ]、琥珀酸（succinate acid，Ⅺ）、齐墩果酸（oleanolic acid，Ⅻ）、乌苏酸（usolic acid，ⅩⅢ）、咖啡酸乙酯（ethyl caffeate，ⅩⅣ）、迷迭香酸乙酯（ethyl rosmarinate，ⅩⅤ）。结论首次从牛至植物中分离得到苯丙素类化合物ⅠⅩ、Ⅹ，化合物Ⅲ～Ⅷ、Ⅺ、ⅩⅣ、ⅩⅤ亦为首次从该植物中分离得到。

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents in Origanum vulgare. Methods The herbal medicine was extracted by different solvents and the constituents were separated by chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and Toyopearl HW-40. Their structures were determined by spectral analyses （MS and NMR）. Results Fifteen compounds were isolated from the chloroform fraction. Their structures were identified as β-sitosterol （ Ⅰ ）, dancosterol （ Ⅱ ）, hexacosene （ Ⅲ ）, hexacosanol （ Ⅳ ）, 1. 4-benzenediol （Ⅴ）, 1, 2-benzenediol （Ⅵ）, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde （Ⅶ）, thymoquinol （4-methyl-5-iso- propyl- 1, 2-benzenediol, Ⅷ）, dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol （ Ⅸ）, （一）-syringaresinol （ Ⅹ ）, succinate acid （ Ⅺ ）, oleanolic acid （Ⅻ）, usolic acid （ ⅩⅢ ）, ethyl caffeate （ ⅩⅣ ）, and ethyl rosmarinate （ ⅩⅤ ）. Conclusion Compounds Ⅸ and Ⅹ are two phenylpropanoids isolated from O. vulgate for the first time. Compounds Ⅲ-Ⅷ, Ⅺ , ⅩⅣ , and ⅩⅤ are also isolated from O. vulgare L. for the first time.