小型U形渠道适宜量水设备浅析

Analysis of the Suitable Water-measuring Device for Small U-shaped Channel

在节水灌溉技术的推广应用中,灌区量水是一项基础的、关键性的技术。灌区量水设施对灌区节水、实现水资源高效可持续利用具有重要意义。随着节水农业的发展和水价制度的改革,迫切需要研究并推广可对灌区末级渠系计量的量水设备。抛物线形移动式量水堰板和便携式量水槽是针对小型U形渠道测流而提出的量水设备,具有使用方便,结构简单等优点。通过对2种量水设备的比较,模拟分析了在不同渠道条件下的量水性能指标。结果表明:2种量水设备的量水精度均可满足灌区测流要求;抛物线形移动式量水堰板测流幅度大,渠道适应性好;在可以适用的缓坡渠道条件下,可优选便携式量水槽。

Water-measuring in irrigation districts is a kind of basic and critical technique in the extension and application of water-saving irrigation technique. Water-measuring facility in field canals is of great significance to water saving and efficient and sustainable water utilization in irrigation districts. Parabolic mobile measuring weir plate and portable flow measurement flume are two types of water-measuring device for small-sized U-shaped channel flow measurement in irrigation district. They are easy to use and have a simple structure. Comparing the different types of water-measuring device, the paper analyzed the water measuring performance index under different canal conditions. The results indicated that the precision of water measuring satisfies the requirement of flow measurement; parabolic mobile measuring weir plate has the advantages of large range of flow measurement and better canal adaptability; portable flow measurement flume is superior to other devices to be used in the canal with gentle slope.