基于社会网络分析方法的产业集群研究——以河南省虞城县南庄村钢卷尺产业集群为例

SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS APPROACH IN THE INDUSTRIAL CLUSTER STUDIES——The Case Study of the Steel Measuring Tape Cluster in Nanzhuang Village,Yucheng County,Henan Province

近年来,社会网络分析方法(SNA)被引入到产业集群研究中,它从更微观层次刻画了产业集群的网络结构和网络特性,在一定程度上弥补了当前产业集群研究的缺陷。但是SNA并不是深层次的结构模型,相应的分析还要从现象洞察到其背后社会关系的深层含义。本文首先对SNA作一简单介绍,然后以河南省虞城县南庄村钢卷尺产业集群为例,来检验这种分析方法在集群网络研究中的具体应用,并通过探究现象背后的社会关系来修正和完善这种分析方法,得出了重要结论,同时为丰富我国产业集群的研究方法提供有益参考。

In recent years, the method of social network analysis （SNA） has been introduced into cluster studies. It describes the structural forms and the characteristics of networks in the industrial clusters from a microcosmic perspective, which helps to improve cluster studies. However, such kind of structural analysis as SNA is simple and insufficient for the mechanism to a certain extent or the dynamic analysis of the networks. Corresponding analysis is needed to study it＇s phenomenon and then to gain a deeper understang of it＇s social relationships. This paper firstly presents a brief introduction to SNA; then, taking the steel measuring tape cluster in Nanzhuang Village, Yucheng County, Henan Province as an example, it examines the application of SNA in cluster network studies in detail. By probing into the deep social relationships lying behind, the method of SNA is modified and improved, which can enrich cluster study methodology and help to draw some important conclusions. Meanwhile, based on the detailed survey to the sample enterprises, this paper examines the spin-off network, emotion network, advice network and cooperation network in the cluster in order to find out the crucial reason for the formation of the network. By contrasting the network structure and the characteristics of the four networks, the authors fred that the focal enterprises and the intermediary institutes play important roles in the formation of the enterprise networks both inside and outside of the clusters. Dynamically, the variations of the network patterns of the enterprises are also found, For example, the SME network in rural clusters evolves from the family-extensive network. The division-production network to the local innovation network by comparing the differences between the spin-offnetwork, advice network and the cooperation network.