火车客运站综合流通空间规划探索——以广州市铁路新客站地区规划为例

A RESEARCH INTO THE INTEGRATED MULTIFUNCTION CIRCULATION SPACE——A Case Study of New Railway Passenger Station in Guangzhou

本文简要回顾了火车客运站地区规划研究的发展。提出火车客运站具有增长极的性质,各种经济流通空间集聚在火车客运站周边,形成了综合流通空间。分析了综合流通空间的内涵与特点。指出综合流通空间由核心功能区、衍生功能区、外围功能区三个层次构成,分析了各个层次的功能构成、服务设施与布局模型。对综合流通空间与其他城市功能空间的关系进行了探讨。以广州铁路新客站地区规划为例,从集聚作用、功能结构与布局、与其他城市功能区的联系三方面对综合流通空间进行了实证分析。

Recently, more and more new railway stations have been constructed in China. However, there is not much research on railway station planning. In the 1980＇s and 1990＇s research focused on the ＂three decisions＂. They are location, function and size of the railway station area, In the 21 st century some planners discussed the railway station area development at a city level. Westem scholars take railway station areas as kind of a central place. They also research the relationship between railway stations and commercial areas or other industrial areas. Economic circulation forms new urban spaces---Circulation Space, which includes Commercial Circulation Space, Logistics Circulation Space and Information Circulation S pace. All these Circulation Spaces gather around urban external hubs of communication to form Integrated Multifunction Circulation Space （IMCS）. IMCS can be divided into three sections： core function section, attached function section and periphery function section, There are many facilities which are necessary to run the communication hub in the core function section. These facilities vary to each different kind of communication hub, After researching and summaring many cases, this paper has put a core function section＇s construction pattem for railway station IMCS. The attached function section includes circulation service facilities attached to core function. These are business, trade, habitation, tourism, industry, small warehouse and other facilities within it. This section is the main part of the IMCS. Only if it develops well can the communication hub have growth pole effects, The periphery function section includes functions that are closely related to the above two sections. The section includes exhibition, hotel, houses, wholesale, fun, education, logistic, R＆S, sports etc. IMCS takes responsibility for any effects the project has on surrounding urban spaces. Generally IMCS locates on the edge of the metropolis. It＇s independent to other urban function districts but it must have convenient transportation facilities among IMCS and the Central Business District, Industrial district, residential district, etc. Guangzhou＇s present railway station cannot meet the needs of its people. Therefore, the government decides to build a new railway station as a communication hub of the Pearl River Dealt. At the same time, a new station can strengthen Guangzhou＇s position as a regional center. The new station site is located in Panyu and its development area is 35km2. Its present land use is farmland. New Guangzhou Railway Passenger Station Area Planning defines this area as ＂important ecological metropolis district to construct new station and communication facilities and communication hub＂. The planning＇s layout was made under the guidance of former principles. As a new metropolis district, the new railway station area will be a new growth pole to improve Guangzhou＇s development. The station area will be an independent district with special function of necessary and complete facilities. In summary, urban external communication hubs have the characteristic of growth pole. All circulation spaces form the Integrated Comprehensive Multifunction Space.