谈语言学研究的跨学科倾向

Cross-disciplinary trend in linguistic studies

语言学研究一直存在纵向发展和横向发展两种倾向。前者试图建立自主语言学,后者力求在不同学科中建立跨学科的联系,以解决种种复杂的语言问题。虽然两者对语言学研究的发展在不同阶段都有贡献,但当前更倾向于跨学科发展。这一趋向有其哲学理据,从马克思主义的对立统一观,到二十世纪末的认知科学的隐喻理论和概念整合理论的内涵,新技术的发展和它所导致的多媒体、多模态和多元智能的出现,以及连接主义学习理论的探索,都证明了跨学科发展的必要性和可行性。从语言学研究本身看,也需要跨学科的研究,以便从不同视角对人类语言有更深入的了解。

There have been two orientations in linguistic studies — divergence and convergence.The former attempts to establish autonomous linguistics;the latter seeks for a cross-disciplinary relation so as to deal with the complexity of human language.Both approaches have contributed to the development of linguistic research at various stages,yet mose linguists prefer the latter.The paper is to argue for the fact that this can be accounted for philosophically,with particular reference to Marxist law of unity of opposites,which acknowledges both the view that one divides into two(divergence) and the view that two combines into one(convergence).Since the end of the last century,the theories of metaphor and conceptual integration developed in cognitive science,the development of modern technology marked by the practice of multimedia,multimodality,and multi-literacy,and the learning theory of connectivism,have all supported the inevitability and practicality of cross-disciplinary development.From the perspective of linguistic scholarship,cross-disciplinary research is needed for a better and deeper understanding of human language.