表演及表演者的法律研究

Legal Research on Performance and Performer

表演伴随人类社会的存在而存在,法律对表演及表演者的保护是19世纪末之后的事情。理论和法律实践对表演及表演者含义有不同的规定,法律上的表演,是指个人、群体或组织直接或借助技术设备用艺术表现形式创造性地公开展示作品的艺术性行为或娱乐性行为,具有原创性质;表演者是指实际表演的自然人或组织。表演者及表演是演出法律关系的主体与客体,都必须具备法律要件。在当代社会,研究表演及表演者对发展艺术事业,包括保护人类非物质文化遗产,具有十分重要的理论与现实意义。

The Performance exists along with the human society, but the performance and performers were not included in the law until the end of the 19th century. The connotation of performance and performer is different both in the theory and in the legal practice. The performance in the legal refers to the original artistic behavior or entertainment by individuals, communities or organizations in the presence of the public, while the performer is the natural person or organization that performs. The performer and performance are subject and object in the legal relation of the perform, embracing legal elements. In contemporary society, it is significant in theory and practice to study performance and performer for developing art and protecting human intangible cultural heritage.