薄壁件激光锁底焊缝质量研究

Welding Quality Research of Thin-wall Parts with Lock Joint Laser Seam

针对30CrMnSiA薄壁激光锁底焊接接头的焊缝质量问题,从激光焊接中的气孔成形及分布规律入手,参照有关标准对一定焊缝长度内的不同孔径的气孔数量进行统计,同时对含气孔缺陷的焊接接头的力学性能进行了测试,结果表明:其焊缝气孔大多集中在有效焊深以外的焊缝根部,对焊接接头的性能影响不大,即使在焊缝中含有多处气孔的情况下,其焊缝力学性能依然能满足产品设计要求,据此制订了验收规范。生产应用表明:该规范对30CrMnSiA薄壁件激光锁底焊缝的质量控制合理,保证了构件性能,明显提高了生产效率。

To evaluate the quality of laser welding of 30CrMnSiA thin-wall lock joint, the rule of porosity forming and its distribution was analyzed, then the number of porosities with different diameter in the weld of certain length were counted according to the relevant standards, and the mechanical performance of the joints were tested. The results indicate that most porosities are in the weld root but in the outside of valid depth of fusion and have little affect on the performance of the welding joints, the mechanical performance can meet the design requirement even if there exist many porosities. The acceptance criterion is made. The application of the criterion shows that it controls the quality of laser welding joints reasonably, and assures weld performance, improves the manufacture efficiency.