教会大学与中国近代建筑形态的转型

Christian Colleges and the Transformation of Chinese Modern Architectural Pattern

教会大学建筑是19世纪末至20世纪上半叶出现在中国的一种新型建筑形态,是西方传教士与建筑师糅合西方建筑理念与东方建筑元素而形成的现代建筑样式,是中西文化双向成功交流的典范例证和有形史料。该建筑形态早期呈现中西合璧式风格,并逐渐导致中国传统建筑艺术的复兴,具有建筑学上的特异性、稳定性和连续性特征,被视为弘扬中国传统文化的表象参照物。教会大学建筑将西方的大学校园设计理念与建筑技艺引入中国,开启中国近代建筑的一个全新领域——大学建筑,不仅深刻地影响了中国近代大学的校园规划与建设,而且极大地促进了中国近代建筑形态的转型。

The Christian college architecture was a new architectural pattern appearing during the end of 19th century and the first half of the 20th century.It is a modern architectural style formed with the mixture of Western ideas and Eastern elements by Western missionaries and architects.The Christian colleges are the typical examples and tangible historical resources of successful interchange of Chinese and Western Cultures.The pattern,blended Sino-Western cultures,leads to the renaissance of traditional Chinese architectural arts step by step.It has the architectural features of distinctiveness,steadiness and continuousness,and is regarded as a reference frame carrying on the traditional Chinese culture.The Christian college architecture brought the planning ideas and architectural technologies of Western college campus into China,and broke new ground in the field of modern Chinese architecture——college architecture.The Christian college architecture not only deeply influenced the campus planning and building of modern Chinese colleges,but also greatly promoted the transformation of modern Chinese architectural pattern.