新生隐球菌病研究进展

Progress on Cryptococcosis Neoformans

隐球菌是条件致病性深部真菌,易发于细胞免疫功能受损的人群。新生隐球菌是隐球菌属的重要致病菌,属环境腐生菌,可从土壤和鸽粪中分离到,并被认为是人和动物最主要的传染源。医学方面,近年来由新生隐球菌引起的感染有逐渐增多的趋势,主要引起人的脑膜炎和肺炎。动物医学方面,可引起马的呼吸道病、牛羊的乳腺炎。鸽是隐球菌的自然宿主,但并不引起发病。该文从隐球菌病的病原特征、分类、毒力因子、致病性等生物学特性进行了概述,并对人和动物新生隐球菌病的传染和流行的基本环节、发病机制、临床表现、防治等方面的研究进展进行了综述。

Cryptococcus is a conditional pathogen. The people with cellular immunodeficiency are subject to the infection. Cryptococcus neoformans is an important pathogen of Cryptococcus, it belongs to environmental saprophytic fungi, it can be isolated from soil and pigeon dung, and can be considered the main infection source of human and animal. In medicine,the infection caused by Cryptococcus neoforrnans has been increased gradually in recent years, the main cause of meningitis and pneumonia. In veterinay medicine, it can cause respiratory disease of horse,mastitis of cattle and sheep. Pigeons are the natural host of this disease, but do not become sick. The article summarized the pathogen feature, classification, virulence factor, pathogenicity of Cryptococcosis and also reviewed the infection and epidemic basic links, pathogenesy, clinical manifestations, prevention and cure of cryptococcus neoformaosis on human and animals.