直接脑-机接口生物相容性研究进展

The Progress in Researches on Biocompatibility for Direct Brain-Machine Interface

脑-机接口的用途是为严重瘫痪病人提供一个与外部世界进行通信的出口。根据检测电极的不同,分为间接型和直接型脑-机接口。直接型脑-机接口是将检测电极植入大脑皮质内,可反映较小范围内神经元细胞的电活动,避免信号传递引起的衰减和其它信号的干扰,从而满足精细控制所要求的时空分辨率和信噪比。直接型脑-机接口研究的关键问题是提高直接脑-机接口电极的生物相容性。本文介绍了具有较高生物相容性的直接脑-机接口电极的技术特点。

An important application of the direct brain-machine interfaces are providing an outlet for severely paralyzed individuals to communicate with the world. According to different type of microelectrodes, brainmachine interfaces are divided into indirect-BMI and direct-BMI. Direct-BMI are intracortical recording devices designed to capture the action potentials of many individual neurons, especially those that code for movement or its intent. A key problem in research of BMI is how to enhance biocompatibility for direct-BMI. This review introduces some new microelectrodes of direct brain-machine interface which all have higher biocompatibility.