老年性骨质疏松及其运动疗法的干预

Management of sports therapy on senile osteoporosis

目的:了解老年性骨质疏松的定义及体育运动治疗骨质疏松的研究现状。资料来源:检索中国期刊全文数据库和万方数据库1994-01/2006-12与老年性骨质疏松运动疗法相关的文章,检索词为"老年人骨质疏松,体育疗法",限定语言种类为中文。资料选择:对资料进行初审,纳入标准:①有关老年人骨质疏松的研究。②有关代谢与骨质疏松的研究。③有关老年人骨质疏松的体育疗法的研究。排除标准:个案报道及统计学上可信性较低的文章。资料提炼:共收集到68篇有关老年人骨质疏松的文章,纳入20篇(其中9篇为老年人骨质疏松的基础研究,11篇为老年人骨质疏松的体育疗法研究),排除重复或类似的同一研究类文章48篇。资料综合:运动被认为是防治骨质疏松的有效措施之一。运动能防止各种原因引起的骨质丢失。大负重、爆发性的运动方式在维持和提高骨矿密度上优于有氧运动;运动项目的选择要有目的性,针对要防治的部位,选择应力刺激集中于该部位的运动项目;运动量要因人而异。防治骨质疏松症应多种方法联合使用,才能达到良好的效果。结论:科学、合理、有效的体育疗法可作为预防和治疗骨质疏松的有效方法。

OBJECTIVE： To understand the definition of osteoporosis in aged people and the present research on sports for osteoporosis. DATA SOURCES： China Journal Full-text Database （CJFD） and Wanfang Database were undertaken to identify the articles on osteoporosis in aged people and sports therapy published from January 1994 to December 2006 with the key words of ＂osteoporosis of aged people, sports therapy＂ in Chinese. STUDY SELECTION： Data were selected primarily. Inclusive criteria： （1）study of osteoporosis in aged people, （2） metabolism and osteoporosis, and （3）sports therapy for osteoporosis in aged people. Exclusive criteria： individual case report and articles those were not statistically reliable. DATA EXTRACTION： Totally 68 articles on osteoporosis in aged people were selected, and 20 articles were involved （9 articles on basic research of osteoporosis in aged people, 11 articles on sports therapy for osteoporosis in aged people）, while 48 articles on repeated or similar studies were excluded. DATA SYNTHESIS： Sports that had been considered as an effective measure for osteoporosis could prevent bone matrix loss caused by various reasons, Sports with great weight loading and explosion were better than aerobic exercise in maintaining and elevating bone mineral density （BMD）. Mode of sports should be pointed, so stress should be focused on that part. Amount of motion should be different because of different persons. Various methods should be combined to prevent and treat osteoporosis, which could get better effects. CONCLUSION： The scientific, reasonable and effective sports therapy can be used as an effective method to prevent