低氧训练对下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴内分泌相关激素的影响

Correlated hormone in hypothalamus-adenohypophyseal-adrenal cortical axis under hypoxic training

目的:总结低氧训练对下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴内分泌相关激素的影响,为科学运动训练提供依据。资料来源:应用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库1994-01/2006-10的相关文章,检索词"低氧,低氧训练,下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺,激素",并限定文章语言种类为中文。并应用计算机检索美国国立医学图书馆NCBI1980-01/2006-10的相关文章,检索词"Hypoxic Training,organism endocrine system,hormone",并限定文章语言种类为English。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选取低氧训练与下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺分泌的相关激素有关的文献,并作初步分类,同类文献首选近年发表的核心期刊文章。排除重复及综述类文献。资料提炼:共收集到95篇相关文章,其中56篇属于重复及综述类文献,对符合标准38篇文献进行分析整理。资料综合:①高海拔状态下机体对低氧产生应激反应,表现为下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴的适应性运转,血中促肾上腺皮质激素浓度增加,以调节机体对应激刺激的适应能力,同时使促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子分泌增加。②高原训练后,睾酮和皮质醇的变化都较明显,其总体变化均趋于降低,睾酮/皮质醇值有升有降,从一定意义上反映了机体的机能状况与疲劳积累程度。③低氧还引起大鼠血浆β-内啡肽浓度升高,可使心房钠尿素增加、前列腺素增加、血管内皮素分泌增加及抑制血管内皮舒张因子的分泌。结论:激素对机体的新陈代谢、生长发育、各种功能活动以及维持内环境稳态等方面发挥重要的调节作用,低氧训练对机体激素的影响一直应该受到人们的关注。

OBJECTIVE：To summarize the influence of hypoxic training on the related hormones in hypothalamus-adenohypophyseal-adrenal cortical axis, and provide references for scientific exercise training. DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search of Chinese Journal Full-text Database was undertaken to identify the related articles published in Chinese between January 1994 and October 2006 with the key words of ＂hypoxia, hypoxic training, hypothalamus-adenohypophyseal-adrenal gland, hormones＂ in Chinese. Meanwhile, we searched NCBI for related English articles published between January 1980 and January 2006 with the key words of ＂hypoxic training, organism endocrine system, hormone＂. STUDY SELECTION： Data were selected firstly to choose those about the related hormones in hypothalamus-adenohypophyseal-adrenal cortical system and classify them. As to the identical articles in the core journal in recent years were preferred. The repetitive and review articles were excluded. those published DATA EXTRACTION： Totally 95 articles were collected and 56 repetitive or review articles were excluded, and 38 met the criteria were arranged. DATA SYNTHESIS： （1）Under high altitude, the body would generate stress reaction to hypoxia, that is the adaptive action of hypothalamus-adenohypophyseal-adrenal cortical axis, and the increase in the concentration of adrenocorticotrophic hormone to regulate the adaptability of body to stress stimulation, moreover, to induce the increase in releasing factor secretion. （2）After high-altitude training, testosterone and cortisol are significantly reduced, while the ratio of testosterone and cortisol is either increased or decreased, reflecting the function condition and fatigue accumulation of body. （3）Hypoxia could cause the elevation of plasma beta-endorphine, increase in the atrial natriuretic factor, prostaglandin, vascular endothelin secretion and inhibition of endothelium-derived relaxing factor. CONCLUSION： Hormone has a regulative effect on the body metabolism, growth and development, various function activities as well as the maintenance of homeostasis; therefore, people should always pay attention to the influence of hypoxic training on body hormone.