生命活动中矿化作用的环境响应机制研究

Mechanisms of Environmental Response to Biomineralization

生物矿化作用及其环境响应机制的研究,关键在于研究生命活动制约矿物形成、分解的机理及其环境响应机制,其内容主要包括生物矿化作用的机理、生物矿化作用的环境效应、生物矿化作用的调控理论和方法。可实现的研究目标是从多学科角度发展生物矿化作用的理论,阐明自然界中矿物-生物-重金属/POPs-水之间的相互作用机理与环境响应机制。有望揭示微生物控制重金属矿化的微观机制,提出微生物治理重金属污染原理;揭示半导体矿物-微生物协同作用降解POPs机制,发展三元体系研究方法;揭示微生物促进多金属矿山硫化物分解机制,提出微生物分解矿物对生态环境影响的调控方法等。以促进地质生物学前沿交叉学科发展,形成未来环境污染防治重大新技术的科学基础。

The study of biomineralization and corresponding mechanisms of environmental response can promote the development of biogeology in the interdisciplinary frontier and provide the scientific basis for the new significant pollutant control technology in the environmental fileds. The key scientific issue of this project is the mechanisms of mineral formation/decomposition controlled by life activities and the corresponding response to environmental factors. The main research scope includes the mechanisms of biomineralization, the environmental effects of biomineralization and the controlling theory and methods for biomineralization. The objectives of this project are to develop the theory of biomineralization from a multidisciplinary view, to discover the micro-mechanisms of heavy metal mineralization controlled by bacteria, to propose the principle of microorganism approach for the remediation of heavy metal pollution, to open the coupled mechanisms of POPs degradation by semiconductor minerals and bacteria and then construct a ternary system research method, to understand the decomposition mechanism of metallic sulfide mines accelerated by bacteria, to optimize a controlling means of mineral decomposition by bacteria influencing the eco-environment.