反思民间法研究中的社会实证法

Reflection on the Social Positivist Approach of Folk Law

近年来,民间法研究渐成热潮,其中,关于民间法基本范式的反思性研究也隐有成风之势。这当然是值得肯定的,然而根据学问的一般规律,所谓反思研究应主要包括两个部分:即方法的反思和根据方法的反思。从这个意义上讲,当前的反思研究又似乎存在一个明显的疏忽:即没有对作为民间法研究的基本方法予以反思。这其中,尤其缺乏对社会实证方法(最重要的民间法研究方法)的反思:它是否有其限度?如果有,其具体表现是什么?可以说,这是所有法社会学(当然包括民间法)研究者都必须关注的问题——没有对它们的清晰认识、回应,相关研究结论就只能是某种程度的"色厉内荏"。

Research on folk law has been becoming a focus recently; reflexive research on the basic paradigms of folk law has also been a trend. All these are worth approving, however, according to the general law of learning; the reflexive research mainly includes two parts, reflection on the method and reflection based on the method. In this sense, there is comparatively obvious thoughtlessness in the current reflexive research, i.e. pay no attention to the basic method of folk law research, especially the social positivist approach of folk law, whether there is an extent？ If there is, what is it？ This is a problem that each researcher of sociology of law should pay close attention.