美国“自然的权利”诉讼

On the Litigation of the Rights of the Nature in the U.S.

动物等自然物是否有资格提起诉讼,其诉讼行为能否通过人类代为行使是自然的权利诉讼所面临的问题。自然的权利诉讼理论根基可以追溯到环境伦理学中的各种学说,最早的自然的权利诉讼出现在美国,但是,至今美国法院对自然的权利诉讼所表现出的态度却有所差别。

In litigation of the rights of the nature, the problems that we must deal with are whether the things in the nature are proper plaintiffs, and whether human being can stand for them to start actions. The theoretical foundation of the litigation of the rights of the nature can date back to all kinds of theories of environmental ethics. The earliest litigation of the rights of the nature appeared in America, but till now there are still some differences in attitude for American courts on the litigation of the rights of the nature.