论张养浩的山水情怀与山水散曲

On Zhang yanhao's Feelings about Landscape and His Landscape Sanqu Verse

张养浩是元代第一个大力创作山水散曲的人,他的山水散曲,是其山水情怀的结晶。传统山水文化的涵泳、故乡山水的陶养、经历仕宦后的彻悟,共同促成了他的山水情怀;在云庄别墅的经营、赏会以及山水游观中,他抉发出自我精神观照下的山水之美,发为词翰歌咏,成就了他的山水散曲;其风格清丽俊逸,与其他作家的山水散曲相比,要宁静、率真、旷逸、超然得多;他的散曲的"雅化"特征,即与其脱俗的山水题材、懿雅的山水情致、怡然于山水的清妙天机和适意忘怀的审美境界、驱遣灵妙的属词达意、山水之作的清雅意境等,紧密相关。

Zhang Yanghao in Yuan Dynasty creates the landscape Sanqu verse in a very vigorous manner, which is the distillate of his feelings about landscape. The edification of the traditional landscape culture, the nurturing of his hometown mountains and rivers, and the enlightenment over the experience of his official career all contribute to his feelings about the landscape. Through his Yunzhuang mansion and the landscapes in the vicinity, he discovers the beauty of mountains and rivers in his own unique way, which results in his poems and Sanqu verses. His writing style is delicate and unusual, much more peaceful, forthright, broad-minded and aloof than that of other writers. The characteristics of ＂elegance refinement＂ in his Sanqu verses, are closely linked with his unique landscape subjects, his love for the landscape, his appreciation with nature＇s mystery and agreeable aesthetic realm, and his artful diction as well as the elegant conception of his landscape verses.