摘要
在传统的成长小说中,个人通过系列经验完成自我实现,适应社会秩序。主人公通过受教育和完成各种考验达到从少年到青年的转变,而主人公必须发现或接受的自我身份也是成长小说中一个固化或稳定的因素。本文讨论加拿大和澳大利亚原住民作家的两部作品,珍妮特.阿姆斯特朗的《鞭挞》(1985)和理查德.弗兰肯德的《挖掘人杰.琼斯》(2007)。两书中,主角均为男性,故事均发生在1960年代原住民运动的背景之下。在主人公身份构建过程中,两书均摒弃了简单呆板的民族身份,指出身份构建是一个在若干个定居者社区中的复杂的跨文化交往过程。同时,两书也对鼓吹白人优越、将原住民边缘化或视为牺牲品的社会力量有所描写。两部小说均借力于保罗.哈夫曼所谓的"身份与文化认同的新政治",以文化认同与自我实现的话语,描述当今的原住民运动和1960年代以来不断上演的历史事件。
In the bildungsroman as it has conventionally been defined, individuals attain self-actualisation through a series of experiences whereby they accommodate their individuality to a social order. Protagonists negotiate their transition from childhood to young-adulthood by way of educative experiences, trials of various kinds, and a search for identity, which is generally formulated as a fixed or stable essence which they must discover or accept. In this paper I focus on two examples of bildungsroman by Indigenous Canadian and Australian authors: Jeannette Armstrong' s Slash (1985) , and Richard J. Frankland' s Digger J. Jones (2007). Both novels feature male protagonists whose stories play out against the background of Indigenous activism in the 1960s. As they track the identity-formation of their protagonists, the two novels deconstruct simple or fixed ideas of national identity by pointing to the complex cross-cultural relationships which have characterised settler societies. At the same time, these novels dramatise the power of socialising practices which promote white superiority and position Indigenous peoples as supplicants or victims. Both novels draw on what Paul Havemann terms the "new politics of identity and cultural recognition" which characterise contemporary Indigenous activism, re-reading events and settings of the 1960s in the light of discourses of cultural recognition and self-determination.
出处
《外国文学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2007年第6期10-18,共9页
Foreign Literature Studies
关键词
青少年文学
成长小说
后殖民
身份
原住民
young adult literature postcolonial bildungsroman identity Indigenous