环保型军用固体醇燃料的制备及其特性

Preparation and Characteristics of Environmental-friend Military Solid Alcohol Fuel

研究了两步法制备环保型军用固体醇燃料的工艺,详细讨论了各种影响因素,确定了最佳工艺条件:反应温度为70,℃,固体醇燃料的化学组分分别为分散剂1.60%,硬脂酸4.46%,NaOH 0.62%,工业乙醇90.73%,水2.59%.所制固体醇燃料熔点为52,℃,热值为-28.44 kJ/g,其燃烧效果与军用乌洛托品固体燃料大致相同,但无黑烟和有害气体产生,甚至低压下仍然燃烧稳定,由海拔高度与大气压强的关系可推测:该固体醇燃料可燃时海拔的极限高度为9 100 m,具有较好的燃烧性能,是传统军用固体燃料的理想替代品.

The preparation of environmental-friend military solid alcohol fuel has been studied. Various influences on the properties of solid alcohol fuel have been discussed. The optimum reaction temperature is 70℃, and the best formulation is composed of 1.60% by weight dispersant,4.46% by weight stearic acid, 0.62% by weight sodium hydroxide,90.73% by weight industrial alcohol and 2.59% by weight distilled water. The solid alcohol fuel prepared under this condition has a melting point of 52℃, a calorific value of -28.44 kJ/g and has the similar combustion effect as military methenamine solid fuel. But the solid alcohol is an environmental-friend fuel, its produce has no black smoke or harmful gas. Moreover, it was presumed from the relation of altitude and pressure that even at vacuum （i.e. the max of altitude is approximately 9 100 m） solid alcohol has well steady combustion performance. The results suggest that solid alcohol is the perfect replacement of traditional military solid fuel.