知识权力与科学方法——兼论培根的科学哲学思想

Knowledge Power and Science Method

培根的科学史地位与他的哲学史地位相比实存着显著方差,其“知识权力说”的断制和经验归纳科学方法的确切寓义与价值所指亦未被学界清晰细化过。我们的努力在于以培根所处时代的“文化生态”为衬托,通过对《工具论》等相关文本的深度解读,从知识与权力归于“一”、知识权力的历史依据、“德性力量”以及知识类别与权力效能等视角描画出“知识权力说”的思想原像,并就其“经验原则”与科学方法之真髓进行了新的提炼。

There is a notable gap between Bacon＇s status in science history and that in philosophy history. The conclusions drawn in his knowledge power theory, the exact meanings and values of his empirical science method have never enjoyed elaboration of the academic field. This essay aims to dig out the inverse image of ＂knowledge power theory＂ against the background of the ＂cultural ecology＂ in which Bacon lived, by unscrambling the correlative texts sification of knowledge and the functions of power. It also refines, in a fresh way, the essentialities of his ＂demonstration principles＂ and his science method.