肝豆状核变性患者口服青霉胺的护理

Caring the Hepatolenticular Degeneration Patients Taking Penicillamine Orally

总结89例肝豆状核变性患者口服青霉胺的护理体会。用药过程中要加强药物不良反应监测,青霉胺脱敏治疗时应保证剂量准确,将125mg片剂切成1/4片、1/2片、3/4片研碎后加入25ml冷果汁或冷开水混匀,抽取相应毫升数以得到5mg、7.5mg、10mg、15mg剂量。合并吞咽困难不能吞咽药片或胶囊的患者取半卧位喂食,将药片研碎或去除胶囊加入冷果汁15～30ml混匀后服用。对于精神障碍者要确保抗精神剂和青霉胺按时按量服下,在发药时必须亲自观察患者口腔,确实证明已将药片吞服,避免将药片偷偷留下后1次吞服引致中毒。

The authors summarize their experience in caring 89 hepatolenticular degeneration （HLD） patients taking penicillamine orally. During oral taking, the adverse reactions were intensively monitored. In desensitization of penicillion, penicillamine was in right dosage, the pill of 125 mg were cut into 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4, which were crushed and mixed with 25 ml cold juice and boiled water and made into different dosages of 5 mg, 7.5 mg, 10 mg and 15 mg. The patients took semi-reclining position for drug administration if they could not swallow, when the pill was crushed and mixed in 15-30 ml juice. For the alleosis patients, the nurses must check their month themselves to ensure the patients had swallowed the medicine in case they left it to take them at one time by mistake, which may cause toxication.