活性炭降解性能的优化及降解机制分析

Biodegradability optimization of BAC and its degradation mechanism analysis

为加强活性炭降解能力,采用曝气和预氧化的方法。通过扫描电镜对活性炭进行观察,表层多孔,微生物丰富,多为球状和杆状细菌,不同炭层上的生物量约为15～30×108个E.coli当量/g活性炭。在进水平均值氨氮为39.8 mg/L、TOC为9.0 mg/L、UV254为0.104 cm-1时,去除率分别高达60%、27.5%和18.9%。采用聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)解析不同炭层上微生物的DNA,结果表明:中间炭层的生物多样性指数比上、下炭层略高,微生物相似性和均匀性程度均较高,系统优势菌种在各个炭层均匀分布,活性炭上的生物系统具有良好的稳定性。该研究采用分子生物学技术,为优化污水处理提供了新的途径。

To enhance degradation ability of biological activated carbon（BAC）, pre-ozonation and air supply were performed. By SEM observation, the surface of activated carbon is porous and there are abundent microorganisms was abundance and the bacteria of biofilm in BAC surface are mainly of short stems like diplococcus or bacillus, biomass in different beds are about 15-30× 10^8 E.coli equivalent/g（activated carbon）. The average removal rate of NH4^＋ -N,TOC and UV254 hit 60%,27.5%,18.9% respectively when its average concentration is 39.8mg/L, 9.0mg/L and 0.104cm^-1. At the same time, PCR-DGGE （Polymerase Chain Reaction-Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis） analysis indicates that biodiversity of middle carbon layer was more than that of its lower and upper layer and similarity and equitability index are high in different carbon beds. It shows that dominant bacteria distributes equably in each carbon bed, which indicates that biological system operates stably. In this research molecular biological technology is used, provding new means for the optimal wastewater treatment.