琥珀与其仿制品的鉴定特征研究

Identification Characteristics of Amber and Its Imitations

目前,琥珀与其仿制品的鉴别还有一定难度,尤其是天然琥珀与其塑料仿制品在外观上十分相似,仅凭外观特征是难以区分两者的。笔者从琥珀内部特征和成分两个方面着手,利用常规宝石鉴定仪器(主要包括宝石显微镜以及大型红外光谱仪),对大量琥珀和塑料仿制品样品进行多次反复测试和对比分析。研究认为,利用显微镜放大观察其内部特征,是当前区分琥珀真伪的有效方法。此外,也可以根据近红外光谱特征来加以区别。

There are some difficulties in identification of amber from plastics at present, especially while their appearances are very similar, since it is hard to discriminate amber from plastic imitation only based on the appearances. Starting from both inner characteristics and compositions of amber, repeated experiments and comparisons were made on various amber and plastic imitation samples by use of routine gemstone identification devices （including gemstone microscope and larger scale infrared spectrometer ）. The research shows that magnifying observation of the inner characteristics using microscope is an effective method to tell the true amber from the fraud. In addition, near infrared spectrum can also be used to identify them.