困厄的人性,法律的救赎——透析《罪与罚》中的法律现象

The Strait of Humanity,the Redemption of the Law——A dialysis of the legal phenomena in The Crime and Punishment

《罪与罚》通过描写主人公拉斯柯尔尼科夫精神和肉体的强大冲突,进一步追问了罪与爱、权柄与公正、惩戒与顺服、堕落与救赎等重要的精神命题,呈现出了一个在社会坚硬的现实下所隐藏的巨大悲剧——犯罪者内心的困厄与苦楚。拉斯柯尔尼柯夫的罪行深深根源于当时的社会环境,根源于社会对人的剥夺,根源于法律的沦丧,根源于制度对人的压迫。陀思妥耶夫斯基提出的理想化的宗教救赎的道路,并不能从根本上缓解罪行的发生,也不能在社会的维度之上揭示罪行的根源。要想真正地解决社会之中存在的种种罪行,需要实施犯罪预防体系、法制宣传和保护弱势群体等具体的制度建构。

The Crime and Punishment describes the strong conflict between the spirit and body of Raskolnikov. Furthermore, it brings forward some immaterial propositions like sin and love, power and justice, punishment and obedience, corruptibility and redemption. Therefore a tremendous tragedy hidden by the realism of harsh society has been displayed——the deepest bewilderment and suffering in a criminal＇s heart who broke the law badly. Raskolnikov＇s crime deeply originates from the social environment, the deprivation by society, the disobedience of the law, the oppression by system. The idealistic redemption proposed by Dostoevsky, can neither relieve the happening of the crime, nor reveal the origin of crimes in the society＇s dimension. In order to reduce the crime in existing society, only through the construction of crime prevention system, the publicity of law and implementation the protection of minorities can we weed out the rampant crimes in society.