论云南壮剧最早一支富宁土戏的孕育及形成

The Conceiving and Developing of the Earliest Funing Local Drama of Yunnan Zhuang Drama

富宁土戏的诞生,有古老深厚的历史文化背景。它的孕育期,最早可追溯到它的第一个腔调[哎咿呀]还是山歌形态[咿呀哎]的阶段,即明朝天启年间皈朝开街以前。到清朝康熙年间,一些壮族民间艺人开始利用从山歌调转化过来的[哎咿呀]说唱故事,到雍乾年间,这种说唱发展成演唱的板凳戏、街头的化装表演。嘉道年问,周边广戏及桂剧、滇剧等剧种兴起,壮族艺人们或通过"走出去"、或通过"送进来",大开眼界、大受启发,于是逐步将所看来的戏改编为土戏,至此,富宁土戏基本形成,形成时间大约在道光年间(1821-1850年)。

Funing local drama is born against old, profound, historical and cultural background. Its earliest origin can be tracked back to the tune of YiYaAi in TianQi period of Ming Dynasty. Then in KangXi period of Qing dynasty, some folk artists began to tell stories by AiYiYa which evolved into the wooden stool drama and road show in YongQian period. With the rise of Guang, Gui and Dian drama in Jiadao period in bordering cities, Zhuang artists broadened their horizon and were lighted through communicating with the outside, resulting in the local drama adapted from the ones watched by the folk artists. Thus Funing local drama was formed in Daoguang Period .