不同填料的曝气生物滤池的启动与挂膜对比研究

Contrastive Study on Start-up and Film Formation of BAF with Different Carriers

通过两种不同填料(瓷粒和陶粒)的曝气生物滤池(BAF)启动与挂膜试验,研究了不同填料的BAF在挂膜过程中CODCr和氨氮去除效果随时间变化的特点,以及出水亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐的浓度变化,并对两种BAF中的生物膜进行剥离镜检。结果表明,常温下(20～25℃),两种BAF所需的启动挂膜时间有较大差异,陶粒BAF启动时间为10 d,瓷粒BAF启动时间为30 d。挂膜过程中,两种BAF的CODCr和氨氮去除率不是同步提高的,这是由于生物膜增长的过程中,好氧异氧菌的增殖速度较硝化菌快得多。陶粒BAF的CODCr去除率高于瓷粒BAF,硝化效果也好于瓷粒BAF。镜检可以发现两种BAF中存在着生物种类多样、生物相分布明显的生态系统。

The experiment was carried out on the start-up and film formation of the two biological aerated filter （BAF） with porcelain and ceramsite carriers, a contrastive study was made on the characteristics of the removal of 4- CODCr, and NH4^＋-N with time changing in the process of film formation and concentration variation of NO2^--N and NO3^--N in the effluent, the bio-films of the two BAFs were observed with optical bio-microscope. The results showed that the time needed for start-up and film formation of the two BAFs were different, for BAF with ceramsite carrier 10 days were needed, but for BAF with porcelain carrier 30 days were needed at ambient temperature （20-25 ℃）. The removal of CODc, did not keep in pace with that of NH4^＋-N in the process of film formation, it was because of the fact that the increasing rate of the aerobic heterotrophic bacteria was higher than that of autotrophic nitrobacteria in the bio-film growth. The CODc, removal and nitrification efficiency of BAF with ceramsite carrier was higher than that showed that the ecosystem with formed in the two BAFs. of BAF with porcelain carrier. The result of optical bio-microscope observation many kinds of different microbes and distinct biological phase distribution was formed in the two BAFs.